COSHH data sheets, often referred to as Safety Data Sheets or SDS, provide essential information about hazardous substances used in the workplace. Many businesses store them but fail to use them effectively. When you understand how to read and apply the information, you improve safety and strengthen COSHH compliance.

What Is a COSHH Data Sheet?

A COSHH data sheet is a document provided by the manufacturer or supplier of a hazardous substance. It outlines the risks associated with the substance and the measures required to handle it safely.

These sheets form the foundation of your COSHH risk assessments.

What Information Does a COSHH Data Sheet Contain?

COSHH data sheets follow a standard format with key sections. Important areas include:

• Identification of the substance and supplier
• Hazard classification and warning symbols
• Composition and ingredients
• First aid measures
• Firefighting measures
• Handling and storage guidance
• Exposure controls and personal protective equipment
• Physical and chemical properties
• Stability and reactivity
• Toxicological information

Each section provides practical guidance on safe use.

How to Identify Key Hazards

Start by reviewing the hazard classification and labelling sections.

Look for:

• Hazard pictograms that indicate the type of risk
• Signal words such as danger or warning
• Hazard statements that describe specific risks, such as flammable or corrosive

This gives you a clear understanding of the main dangers before using the substance.

Using Data Sheets in COSHH Risk Assessments

A COSHH data sheet does not replace a risk assessment. It supports it.

You should use the information to:

• Identify how workers may be exposed
• Assess the level of risk in your specific environment
• Decide on control measures such as ventilation or containment
• Select appropriate personal protective equipment
• Define safe handling and storage procedures

Always consider how the substance is used in your workplace, not just the general guidance.

Selecting the Right Control Measures

The exposure control section provides guidance on reducing risk.

This may include:

• Engineering controls such as extraction systems
• Safe handling procedures
• Recommended personal protective equipment
• Workplace exposure limits

You should prioritise controls that remove or reduce risk at source before relying on PPE.

Training Your Team to Use Data Sheets

COSHH compliance depends on how well your team understands the information.

You should ensure employees:

• Know where to find data sheets
• Understand hazard symbols and key risks
• Follow safe handling instructions
• Use the correct protective equipment

Training should be practical and relevant to the tasks they carry out.

Keeping Data Sheets Up to Date

Outdated data sheets can lead to incorrect risk assessments.

You should:

• Review data sheets regularly
• Replace them when suppliers issue updates
• Ensure only current versions are accessible to staff
• Remove duplicates or obsolete documents

Why COSHH Data Sheets Matter

COSHH data sheets provide critical safety information, but only when used properly. When you integrate them into your risk assessments, training, and daily operations, you reduce exposure risks and maintain a safer working environment.

Clear understanding leads to better decisions, stronger compliance, and improved protection for your workforce.